1933-1939 Hitler’s foreign policy, 1933-1945 Nazi Germany, 5.02 The Move To Global War

Irredentism/Irridentist

Irridentism: a policy of advocating the restoration to a country of any territory formerly belonging to it

  • post-WWI, France feared a repeated German attack and demanded security
    • the Rhineland was identified as a demilitarized ‘buffer’ area that would give France assurance
  • by this time, the Treaty of Versailles was no longer upheld and nobody cared about it
    • obviously a German triumph
  • the Rhineland sits between Germany and France
    • Germany saw this buffer zone as a vulnerability and humiliation – France could invade Germany easily with little resistance, using the territory Germany lost
  • Hitler essentially gambled with sending troops in – and won his bluff
    • if it went badly → humiliation and loss of troop support
  • he justified this attack with the fact that the Franco-Soviet Pac had just been signed, meaning that Germany was under attack
    • LoN was too busy dealing with the Abyssinian Crisis to bother doing anything
      • they were too incompetent to multitask (cough Galatic Senate cough)
  • Britain did nothing
    • public opinion was that Hitler was merely walking into ‘his own back garden’
      • Germany complained about land → take back land → no complaints → lesser sources of tension & conflict → PEACE!!
        • (this is giving Senate incompetence during the Blockade of Naboo but ok go off Britain)
      • so, if UK let Germany take Rhineland → Germans pacified → more cooperative with the UK → ally & bulwark against communism!!
    • the UK worried more about France starting a conflict by remilitarizing Rhineland first
    • France could no longer threaten Germany with invasion
    • assured France that the British would aid any defense against unprovoked German invasion → essentially blessed Hitler’s re-taking of the Rhineland
  • France didn’t intervene, either
    • the French border hadn’t been violated → no proverbial leg to stand on regarding an invasion
    • little support in France and Britain in preventing Germany from taking back her own territory
    • French army, at this point, wasn’t ready for a conflict foreign incursions into their own territory
    • France was able to accept British assurances of aid in the event of any invasion
    • BUT! military spending increased as a response/result
  • OVERALL: a triumph for Hitler, and a major step in the policy of appeasement + official death of the ToV + positions Germany as an economic & military power
    • general sense in Europe of the return of German strength
    • marked the beginning of the end of the Treaty of Versailles → historically significant
      • showed that Hitler could break the Treaty’s terms with no consequenceemboldened Hitler in his expansionist conquest to come