1949-1961 Consolidation of the Chinese Communist State

1950-1952 Agrarian Land Reform Policy

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  • Agrarian Land Reform Policy = ==rural== land reform
  • land taken away from landlords, and given to peasants who worked the land
  • about 2-3 million landlords who were found guilty of exploiting peasants were executed
    • some historians keep it conservative, at half a million
  • very much a populist move – made them very popular with peasants + changed the socio-economic structure of China
  • 1953: peasants organised into teams wo helped each other out and shared tools and livestock
    • villages were locked into cooperatives – made it easy for the state to take grain
      • famine and hunger would still happen sometimes when the state took too much
  • success was questionable – increase of 3.6% from 1952-1955
    • the reliability of the data is questionable
    • this is a very low yield for such high effort → land reform was impressive and perhaps morally good, but definitely not very productive
  • compare & contrast with Collectivisation in the USSR
    • both China and USSR were still buying grain
    • whose was more effective? Hard to say
    • the approach taken to collectivisation was very similar – Mao modelled it off Stalin
  • a populist move central to the propaganda and programme of the CCP